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Bangka Island is located in the eastern part of Sumatra is part of the Greater Sunda Islands which lie on one of the biogeographic regions zoogeography of the most attractive in the world, the islands of Indonesia and Malaysia. Greater Sunda Islands geologically relatively new, emerging from the sea since a 15-30 million years ago as a result of tectonic and volcanic activity. The archipelago consists of about 17,000 islands stretching along 5,000 km at the equator, between the mainland of Asia and Australia. Bangka island itself formed by folding and cracking movement, formed pieces on the east coast of Sumatra that form a series of small islands (Riau and Lingga Islands) as well as two large islands (Bangka and Belitung).
Bangka and Belitung almost always united in geology with Sumatra; it can be predicted that the variation of species will not be much different from Sumatra. In addition, the types of flora and fauna on the island of Bangka and Belitung also similar to the kinds of Borneo to the level of, for example, on the island of Bangka and Belitung heath forest found that generally exist in Kalimantan. Based on the number and types of flora and fauna on the island of Bangka very distinctive and diverse. One tree with a local name Nyatoh ( Palaquium bancanum ) and primates typical of Mentilin ( Cephalophacus bancanus ) has been established as the flora and fauna of the identity of Bangka Belitung Province. Only the existence of flora and fauna are increasingly threatened by land clearing and illegal logging in forests and land that is still left.
Forests are one of the important ecosystems on earth is to provide services and biodiversity services. The most typical types of forests on the island of Bangka namely heath forest, where the forest is located in the lowlands, growing on poor sandy soil for nutrients were washed away, characterized by the accumulation of peat is shallow. The soil contains a lot of parasites and other flowering shrubs. Poor bird species mainly, but typical. On the heath forest bererapa types of plants are often encountered, namely Seru, Samak ( Syzygium lepidocarpa ), rice-rice ( Planchonella oxyedra ), broom-broom ( Syzygium glaucum ), and Simpur ( Dillenia spp.), And pitcher plants ( Nepenthes spp. ).
In addition, there is also a mangrove forest that is commonly found in estuaries and coastal areas both in the east and west coast of the island of Bangka. The dominant species including mangrove ( Rhizophora sp), perepat ( Avicinea sp.), And kike ( Soneratia alba ). Other types of forests on the island of Bangka, namely coastal bush and coastal forests. This forest type is almost found in most areas, especially in the north to the east coast of the island of Bangka. This forest type is the forest and shrubs that are not meeting and can grow on the sand which is difficult to hold water. This forest is characterized by the presence of pine forests ( Casuarina sp.) On a sandbank, noni ( Morinda sp.), Pandan ( Pandanus spp.), And a row of coconut palms ( Cocos nucifera ).
IMG_9165In addition, there is also a type of freshwater swamp forest and peat or on the island of Bangka is called by the name of "Payak / deep", where the forest is located in the lowlands with running water that formed puddles naturally occurring continuously or seasonal due natural drainage is obstructed. Diversity of tree species is relatively low, because it is not supported by the availability of adequate water and the conditions somewhat acidic so that only certain tree species that can grow, some plant species that are adapted to the environment, for example: stretched ( Campnosperma auriculata ), Mang ( Macaranga spp. ), Tulin ( Cyatochalix bancanus ), Red Gelam ( Leptospermum flavescens ), Jelutung ( Alstonia scholaris ), Ramin ( Gonistylus bancanus), Mengeris ( Koompassia sp.), and Rawa Meranti ( Shorea spp.). Plants under a bit sparse, but the dominant palm species, such as: Sago ( Metroxylon sago ), Rattan ( Calamus spp.) And Kelubi ( Salacca affinis ). This forest is also found groups of pandan (pandanus), for example Jerutuk ( Pandanus frucatus ). These forests also support animal life, especially the lowland forest bird species and some types of wetland birds that are important, such as birds king-prawns ( Kingfisher ). Some species recorded include, cekakak forest Melayu ( Actenoides concretus ), cekakak-cheek Black ( Lacedo melanop ), collared kingfisher ( Halcyon chloris ), Ruddy Kingfisher ( Halcyon coromanda ), Pekaka Gold ( Pelargopsis capensis ), blue-eared kingfisher ( Alcedo Meninting ). Some typical types of freshwater fish inhabit this forest type, including Seluang ( Betta chloropharinx ), Seluang Schaller ( Betta schallerii ), and Seluang Bangka ( Rasbora bankanensis ).
Bangka Island also has a lowland dipterocarp rainforest, where this forest type is the highest rain forest and dense. Dipterocarpaceae types dominate the headlines, a big trunk and root branching supported by buttresses, for example Kelukup ( Shorea ovalis ), Melangir (S Horea belangiran ), and Meranteh ( Shorea leprosula ). The great rivers divide this land, while small rivers flowing into the valley. In this forest type, diversity of fauna and abundant high enough, for example, are still found greater mouse-deer ( Tragulus Napu ), Deer ( Indian muntjac ) and pangolin ( Manis javanica ). Some of the birds that inhabit the forest floor can still be found, for example Crested Partridge / Siau ( Rollulus rouloul ) and blue pheasant ( Lophura ignita ). Only this type of forest area in Bangka waned and left only in a few places, such as forest conservation area of Mount Maras, and G. Menumbing. Keberadaannyapun increasingly threatened by illegal logging ( illegal logging ) and land clearing for plantations. (Photo: Hill Bui, Maras-village of Dalil, Bangka).
Sourch : http://florafaunabangka.or.id/?p=960
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